Peronism firstly began as a movement in the 1940s, when Juan Domingo Perón, being a colonel, began his participation in Argentine public life. He began being in charge of the secretary of labor and forecasting, where he did a job with the workers that quickly increased his popularity, climbing positions in the government. The Argentine government started to worry about Peron's relationship with the unions so he was imprisoned by the Farrell dictatorship on October 13, 1945.
The birth of Peronism dates back to October 17, 1945, when a popular demonstration in Buenos Aires demanded his release from prison, after which he became the most relevant political figure of the moment. Thanks to several actions he took during this period: such as social insurance that benefited 2 million workers, creation of labor courts that tended to support workers, salary improvements, recognition of professional and union associations and the establishment of the minimum wage.
So we can see that the main characteristics of Peronism tend to favor the working class. Namely, we can list out the main characteristics like so:
- Opposition to imperialist policies: Promoting local solutions to the problems without international support of large economies.
- Labor rights claim - Concern for job creation and adequate conditions for workers. Since its inception, the payment of bonuses, workers' compensation for accidents at work, labor rights for women, among others, was promulgated.
- Defense of national interests: Increasing the sense of sovereignty and care of national identity.
- Protective state: Generate social benefits, especially for the neediest lower classes.
- Nationalization of public services: such as electricity, gas, water, transport and rail networks, with a tendency to subsidies to reduce the impact of the actual costs of setting up and maintaining these services.
- Promote national industry, stimulation of domestic consumption and self-supply
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